An Appraisal of the Role of Community Health Workers in Promoting Maternal Health in Adamawa State, Nigeria
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Background of the Study
Community health workers (CHWs) are essential in bridging gaps between communities and formal healthcare systems, especially in regions with limited access to medical facilities. In Adamawa State, Nigeria, CHWs have been deployed to promote maternal health through home visits, health education, and basic clinical services. Their involvement is particularly important in rural areas where access to skilled birth attendants and comprehensive maternal care is limited (Ibrahim, 2023). CHWs contribute to increasing antenatal care attendance, improving birth outcomes, and reducing maternal and neonatal mortality. Their culturally sensitive approach enables them to navigate local beliefs and practices, fostering trust and facilitating behavior change. Recent studies have shown that well-trained and adequately supported CHWs can have a significant positive impact on maternal health outcomes. However, challenges such as inadequate training, resource constraints, and limited integration with formal health systems continue to hinder their effectiveness. Evaluating the role of CHWs in Adamawa State is crucial for identifying best practices and areas for improvement, thereby strengthening maternal health services and promoting sustainable healthcare delivery (Aminu, 2024).
Statement of the Problem
In Adamawa State, despite the deployment of community health workers to promote maternal health, maternal morbidity and mortality remain high. Challenges such as insufficient training, lack of resources, and poor coordination with formal health services impede the effectiveness of CHWs. Many rural communities experience gaps in timely maternal care due to delays in referrals and inconsistent follow-up. Moreover, cultural barriers and low community engagement further limit the impact of CHW interventions. The gap between the potential of CHWs and their actual performance in improving maternal health outcomes calls for a comprehensive evaluation to identify and address these challenges. Without targeted improvements, the benefits of CHWs in promoting maternal health may be significantly undermined, leaving many expectant mothers without essential support (Chukwuma, 2023).
Objectives of the Study
- To evaluate the role of community health workers in promoting maternal health in Adamawa State.
- To identify the challenges that hinder effective CHW performance.
- To recommend strategies for enhancing CHW integration and support.
Research Questions
- What impact do community health workers have on maternal health outcomes in Adamawa State?
- What are the key challenges faced by CHWs in delivering maternal health services?
- What strategies can improve CHW performance and integration with formal healthcare?
Research Hypotheses
- Active involvement of CHWs is significantly associated with improved maternal health outcomes.
- Inadequate training and resources negatively affect CHW performance.
- Strengthened support and integration with health systems will enhance maternal health service delivery.
Scope and Limitations of the Study
The study focuses on rural and peri-urban areas in Adamawa State where CHWs are active. Data will be collected through surveys, interviews, and program evaluations. Limitations include potential response bias and differences in CHW program implementation across regions.
Definitions of Terms
- Community Health Workers (CHWs): Locally recruited health personnel who provide basic health services and education.
- Maternal Health: The health of women during pregnancy, childbirth, and postpartum.
- Integration: The coordination between community-based initiatives and formal healthcare systems.
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